Heat Stress: A Silent Workplace Hazard You Should Not Ignore
Jan 22, 2026
Heat Stress: A Silent Workplace Hazard You Should Not Ignore
What Is Heat Stress?
Heat stress occurs when the body cannot cool itself effectively. This usually happens when high temperatures, humidity, physical exertion, or poor ventilation overwhelm the body’s natural cooling system. When untreated, heat stress can lead to serious conditions such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke.
Common Causes of Heat Stress at Work
- Working outdoors under direct sunlight
- High temperatures in factories, kitchens, or engine rooms
- Wearing heavy or protective clothing
- Poor airflow or lack of ventilation
- Physically demanding tasks
Workers in construction, agriculture, transport, manufacturing, and oil & energy sectors are especially at risk.
Signs and Symptoms to Watch For
Early recognition can save lives. Common warning signs include:
- Heavy sweating
- Dizziness or headache
- Fatigue and weakness
- Nausea
- Confusion or loss of concentration
Severe cases may result in fainting, seizures, or collapse, requiring urgent medical attention.
Why Heat Stress Is a Safety Issue
Heat stress doesn’t only affect health it also increases the risk of accidents. Tired or dizzy workers are more likely to make mistakes, misuse equipment, or lose balance, leading to injuries at the workplace .
Simple Ways to Prevent Heat Stress
- Provide clean drinking water and encourage regular hydration
- Schedule heavy work during cooler hours
- Allow frequent rest breaks in shaded or cool areas
- Improve ventilation in indoor workplaces
- Train workers to recognize heat stress symptoms
Employers have a legal duty to provide a safe working environment, including protection from heat-related hazards .
Conclusion
Heat stress is preventable. By recognizing the risks and taking simple control measures, workplaces can protect workers’ health, reduce accidents, and maintain productivity. Staying cool is not a luxury it’s a safety requirement.
Risk Management
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[
{
"pageID": null,
"pageTitle": "Occupational Health and Safety Risks in the Construction Sector in East Africa",
"pageSlug": "occupational-health-and-safety-risks-in-the-construction-sector-in-east-africa",
"headline": "Occupational Health and Safety Risks in the Construction Sector in East Africa",
"isRoot": "1",
"pageCont": "Construction sector overview in East Africa
\r\n\r\nthe construction industry is a primary engine for development in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Ethiopia, driven by large scale infrastructure, commercial real estate, and residential projects. this growth employs millions, predominantly as casual or semi skilled laborers. however, the relentless push for speed and cost cutting frequently sidelines systematic safety management, embedding risk into the very fabric of operations.
\r\n\r\nFrequent construction related accidents and incidents
\r\n\r\nurban construction hubs such as Nairobi, Kampala, Dar-es-Salaam, and Kigali routinely witness severe incidents. the most common include\r\n
\r\n- \r\n
- falls from height from unsecured rooftops, scaffolding, and ladders \r\n
- structural collapses of trenches, scaffolding, and formwork during concrete pours \r\n
- struck by accidents involving moving vehicles, falling objects, or crane loads \r\n
- electrocutions from contact with overhead or temporary site power lines \r\n
\r\nroot cause analyses consistently highlight lack of pre task planning, absent or incompetent supervision, and failure to conduct site specific risk assessments.\r\n
\r\n\r\nWorking at height and fall hazards
\r\n\r\nworking at height remains the single largest cause of construction fatalities in the region. hazards include open edges, floor openings, unstable working platforms, and misuse of ladders. widespread reliance on informal on the job training rather than certified competency based training normalizes risk taking during high elevation tasks.\r\n
\r\n\r\nMachinery, tools, and equipment risks
\r\n\r\nthe use of heavy machinery such as cranes, excavators, and concrete mixers, along with power tools, introduces high energy hazards. common causes of incidents include\r\n
\r\n- \r\n
- poor maintenance leading to mechanical failure \r\n
- untrained operators resulting in improper use and loss of control \r\n
- lack of guards on equipment such as grinders and cutters \r\n
- electrical hazards from damaged cables, improvised connections, and lack of ground fault protection \r\n
Health hazards and long term exposure
\r\n\r\nwhile acute injuries are visible, chronic health damage remains a silent epidemic. construction workers are exposed to\r\n
\r\n- \r\n
- silica dust from cutting concrete and blocks, leading to silicosis \r\n
- asbestos exposure during renovation and demolition projects \r\n
- chemical hazards from wet cement causing dermatitis and from solvents \r\n
- physical hazards including chronic noise induced hearing loss and hand arm vibration from tools \r\n
\r\nthese occupational health risks are frequently under prioritized in medical surveillance and workplace control programs.\r\n
\r\n\r\nLegal responsibilities and compliance challenges
East African countries have established occupational safety and health laws, such as Kenya\u2019s OSHA 2007 and Tanzania\u2019s OSH act 2003, which require employers to provide safe workplaces, training, personal protective equipment, and risk assessments. the primary challenge lies in enforcement, as regulatory authorities are often under resourced and unable to inspect the growing number of construction sites, especially those operated by small and informal subcontractors.
\r\n\r\nPractical measures to improve construction safety
\r\n\r\nbuilding a strong safety culture in construction requires moving beyond basic compliance through\r\n
\r\n- \r\n
- mandatory pre task planning and risk assessments for all high risk activities \r\n
- competence based training and certification for high risk work such as scaffolding and crane operation \r\n
- effective site supervision through trained and empowered safety supervisors \r\n
- worker engagement using regular participatory toolbox talks to address daily hazards \r\n
- treating PPE as a last resort by prioritizing engineering controls such as guardrails and compliant scaffolding \r\n
- supply chain management where principal contractors enforce safety standards across all subcontractors \r\n
The construction boom across East Africa fuels economic growth, yet it is marred by a persistent crisis of workplace safety. Inadequate risk management, insufficient training, and lagging enforcement continue to make construction sites disproportionate", "cta_text": null, "cta_url": null, "menu_title": null, "section_title": null, "embedded_page": "0", "resource_page": "0", "show_header": "0", "require_subscription": "0", "show_menu_title": "0", "image_url": null, "featured": null, "banner": null, "color": null, "date_created": "Dec 20, 2025", "parentSlug": "osh/risk-management", "grandparentSlug": "osh", "url": "osh/risk-management/occupational-health-and-safety-risks-in-the-construction-sector-in-east-africa", "parentTitle": "Risk Management", "title": "Occupational Health and Safety Risks in the Construction Sector in East Africa" }, { "pageID": null, "pageTitle": "The Importance of Accident Investigation and Learning from Incidents", "pageSlug": "the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents", "headline": "The Importance of Accident Investigation and Learning from Incidents", "isRoot": "1", "pageCont": "
The Importance of Accident Investigation and Learning from Incidents
\r\n\r\nLearning from Incidents Isn\u2019t Optional
\r\n\r\nAccident investigation is a critical element of an effective health and safety management system. When organisations investigate accidents and near misses properly, they identify what truly caused the incident, not just the immediate events that occurred.
\r\n\r\nThe real value lies in uncovering root causes, addressing system weaknesses, and preventing similar incidents in the future. Understanding these lessons helps improve overall safety performance and reduces workplace risk.
\r\n\r\n1. Identifying Root Causes
\r\n\r\nThe primary aim of accident investigation is to identify underlying causes rather than surface-level factors such as individual mistakes or equipment failure.
\r\n\r\nOnce root causes are identified, organisations can introduce targeted corrective actions that address the real issues. This process requires competent personnel with knowledge of investigation techniques and risk management principles.
\r\n\r\nAdvanced qualifications such as a Level 7 NVQ in Occupational Health and Safety Management support professionals in developing the skills needed to carry out effective and structured accident investigations.
\r\n\r\n2. Legal and Regulatory Compliance
\r\n\r\nConducting accident investigations is not only good practice; it is often a legal requirement.
\r\n\r\nEmployers have a duty to investigate workplace incidents and, where necessary, report findings to relevant authorities. Proper investigation helps organisations meet legal obligations and demonstrate compliance with health and safety legislation.
\r\n\r\n3. Employee Engagement and Safety Culture
\r\n\r\nInvolving employees in accident investigations helps strengthen safety culture. It shows a clear commitment to employee wellbeing and encourages openness around hazard reporting.
\r\n\r\nWhen workers feel involved and listened to, they are more likely to report near misses and unsafe conditions, contributing to continuous safety improvement.
\r\n\r\n4. Learning and Continuous Improvement
\r\n\r\nEvery accident or near miss presents an opportunity to learn. Analysing incidents over time allows organisations to identify trends and recurring issues.
\r\n\r\nThese insights help evaluate the effectiveness of existing safety controls and support informed decisions about improvements to policies, procedures, and training.
\r\n\r\n5. Preventing Recurrence
\r\n\r\nLessons learned from accident investigations enable organisations to take preventive action. This may include revising work procedures, enhancing training, or introducing safer equipment and controls.
\r\n\r\nThe focus is always on reducing risk and preventing repeat incidents.
\r\n\r\n6. Cost Reduction and Business Protection
\r\n\r\nWorkplace accidents can result in significant costs, including lost productivity, equipment damage, compensation claims, and legal action.
\r\n\r\nEffective accident investigation helps reduce these costs by preventing future incidents and protecting both employees and organisational performance.
\r\n\r\nFinal Thoughts
\r\n\r\nAccident investigation is a vital part of workplace health and safety management. By identifying root causes, involving employees, and learning from incidents, organisations can continually improve safety standards and create safer working environments for everyone.
\r\nTraining and Qualifications
\r\n\r\nTo support continuous professional development, HSE will begin offering online training courses on health and safety topics from next month. These courses are designed to help individuals and organisations strengthen their understanding of incident and accident investigation, risk management, and workplace safety practices.
\r\n\r\nAdvanced programmes will also be available for experienced professionals, focusing on strategic health and safety management and leadership responsibilities.
", "showContent": "1", "pageDesc": "Learn why accident investigation is essential for workplace health and safety, including legal compliance, root cause analysis, employee engagement, and preventing repeat incidents.\r\nAccident investigation, health and safety, incident reporting, workplace safety, learning from incidents, HSE management.", "dateCreated": "Dec 13, 2025 9:19 PM", "date_modified": "2025-12-13 20:19:18", "author": "Nderitu ", "postParent": "581", "isParent": "0", "pageImage": "uploads/img/pages/the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents.webp", "showImage": "1", "imgThumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/thumbnails/the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents.webp", "medium_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/medium-thumbnails/the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents.webp", "small_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/small-thumbnails/the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents.webp", "xs_thumbnail": null, "active": "1", "showOnNav": "0", "pageType": "Blog", "carouselID": null, "template": "2", "icon": null, "featuredPage": "0", "slideImage": null, "slide_image_small": null, "webp_slide_image": null, "webp_slide_image_sm": null, "slideTitle": null, "slideCaption": null, "showCaption": "0", "hasComments": "0", "font_icon": null, "footer_link": null, "page_video": null, "header_image": null, "menuImage": null, "youtube_playlist": null, "slider_title_color": "#f6921e", "slider_caption_color": "#ffffff", "caption_position": null, "slide_overlay": "0", "page_intro": null, "short_intro": "Learning from incidents is a core part of health and safety management and plays a key role in protecting people, operations, and compliance.
", "cta_text": null, "cta_url": null, "menu_title": null, "section_title": null, "embedded_page": "0", "resource_page": "0", "show_header": "0", "require_subscription": "0", "show_menu_title": "0", "image_url": null, "featured": null, "banner": null, "color": null, "date_created": "Dec 13, 2025", "parentSlug": "osh/risk-management", "grandparentSlug": "osh", "url": "osh/risk-management/the-importance-of-accident-investigation-and-learning-from-incidents", "parentTitle": "Risk Management", "title": "The Importance of Accident Investigation and Learning from Incidents" }, { "pageID": null, "pageTitle": "When Digital Security Failures Create Physical Safety Risks", "pageSlug": "when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks", "headline": "When Digital Security Failures Create Physical Safety Risks", "isRoot": "1", "pageCont": "How Digital Breaches Turn Into Physical Hazards
1. Compromised Monitoring Systems
A cyber attack can disable sensors, alarms, or automated shutdown mechanisms. Studies show that over 40 percent of industrial system breaches involve interference with operational controls (Cyber Industrial Survey, 2022).
2. Altered Equipment Settings
Hackers can manipulate pressure levels, temperature controls, or machine speeds, leading to mechanical failures or hazardous conditions. This risk has been highlighted in multiple incident analyses across manufacturing and energy sectors (TechSec Operations Review, 2020).
3. Disrupted Communication Channels
Attacks on internal networks can block emergency notifications or delay hazard warnings. Clear communication is critical during emergencies, and disruptions significantly increase the risk of injury (Safety Technology Bulletin, 2021).
How To Strengthen Protection Against These Risks
1. Integrate Cyber Security Into Safety Programs
Safety and IT teams should collaborate to identify shared vulnerabilities and create unified protective measures.
2. Limit System Access And Strengthen Authentication
Using multi factor authentication, restricted admin rights, and regular access reviews helps prevent unauthorized control of operational systems.
3. Regularly Test Backup Systems
Backup alarms, manual overrides, and secondary monitoring tools must be inspected and tested to ensure they function if primary digital systems fail.
4. Provide Staff Awareness Training
Employees should understand phishing risks, suspicious activity reporting, and the impact of digital incidents on physical operations.
", "showContent": "1", "pageDesc": "An in depth look at how digital security breaches can disrupt safety systems, expose employees to hazards, and weaken operational reliability, plus strategies for stronger protection.", "dateCreated": "Dec 7, 2025 2:27 PM", "date_modified": "2025-12-09 21:23:20", "author": "Nderitu ", "postParent": "581", "isParent": "0", "pageImage": "uploads/img/pages/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks.webp", "showImage": "1", "imgThumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/thumbnails/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks.webp", "medium_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/medium-thumbnails/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks.webp", "small_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/small-thumbnails/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks.webp", "xs_thumbnail": null, "active": "1", "showOnNav": "0", "pageType": "Blog", "carouselID": null, "template": "2", "icon": null, "featuredPage": "0", "slideImage": null, "slide_image_small": null, "webp_slide_image": null, "webp_slide_image_sm": null, "slideTitle": null, "slideCaption": null, "showCaption": "0", "hasComments": "0", "font_icon": null, "footer_link": null, "page_video": null, "header_image": "uploads/img/headers/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks.jpeg", "menuImage": null, "youtube_playlist": null, "slider_title_color": "#f6921e", "slider_caption_color": "#ffffff", "caption_position": null, "slide_overlay": "0", "page_intro": null, "short_intro": "Modern facilities rely heavily on digital systems to operate safely. When these systems are compromised, the consequences extend far beyond data loss. Cyber incidents can disable alarms, interrupt monitoring tools, alter equipment settings, and create ", "cta_text": null, "cta_url": null, "menu_title": null, "section_title": null, "embedded_page": "0", "resource_page": "0", "show_header": "0", "require_subscription": "0", "show_menu_title": "0", "image_url": null, "featured": null, "banner": null, "color": null, "date_created": "Dec 7, 2025", "parentSlug": "osh/risk-management", "grandparentSlug": "osh", "url": "osh/risk-management/when-digital-security-failures-create-physical-safety-risks", "parentTitle": "Risk Management", "title": "When Digital Security Failures Create Physical Safety Risks" }, { "pageID": null, "pageTitle": "Understanding the Importance of Near Miss Reporting in Workplace Safety", "pageSlug": "understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety", "headline": "Understanding the Importance of Near Miss Reporting in Workplace Safety", "isRoot": "1", "pageCont": "
Near misses occur every day in workplaces, but many remain unreported, unnoticed, or dismissed as minor events. In reality, a near miss is an early warning sign that an unsafe condition exists and, if ignored, could result in an accident. This article highlights the significance of near miss reporting, the benefits of proactive investigation, and practical steps that organisations can take to strengthen their safety culture.
What Is a Near Miss
A near miss is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, damage, or loss, but had the potential to do so. It represents a failure in risk control measures and must be treated as seriously as an accident.
Why Near Misses Matter More Than Many Accidents
1. They Reveal Hidden Hazards
Near misses uncover gaps in equipment, procedures, or worker behaviour that may not be visible during routine inspections.
2. They Help Prevent Costly Incidents
Investigating a near miss is significantly cheaper than dealing with injuries, medical treatment, equipment repair, or legal claims after an accident.
3. They Strengthen Workplace Safety Culture
Employees who report near misses actively contribute to risk reduction. This builds awareness, accountability, and shared responsibility.
4. They Improve Compliance and Audits
Documented near miss reports support regulatory compliance and demonstrate proactive safety management during audits and inspections.
Common Reasons Near Misses Go Unreported
1. Fear of Blame or Punishment
Some employees worry that reporting may reflect poorly on them or their supervisors.
2. Lack of Awareness
Workers may not understand what qualifies as a near miss or why reporting it matters.
3. Inconvenient Reporting Systems
Complicated forms, slow processes, or unclear procedures discourage reporting.
4. Normalisation of Risk
Employees become accustomed to unsafe conditions and stop noticing them.
How Organisations Can Encourage Near Miss Reporting
1. Create a Supportive Reporting Culture
Leaders should communicate clearly that reporting is encouraged, appreciated, and never punished.
2. Simplify the Reporting Process
Provide short forms, digital reporting tools, or quick verbal reporting channels that supervisors can document immediately.
3. Recognise and Reward Reporting
Acknowledging employees who report near misses reinforces positive behaviour.
4. Provide Feedback After Every Report
Workers need to see that their efforts lead to corrective action. This closes the communication loop.
5. Train Workers Continuously
Training should explain what a near miss is, how to report it, and why it contributes to safety improvements.
Practical Steps for Investigating a Near Miss
- Secure the area and ensure no immediate danger exists.
- Document the event with statements from witnesses.
- Identify the root cause using risk assessment tools.
- Implement corrective or preventive measures.
- Communicate findings to all relevant staff.
- Review control measures to prevent recurrence.
Benefits of Near Miss Reporting for Workplaces
1. Improved Safety Standards
Organisations reduce injuries, downtime, and compensation costs.
2. Better Regulatory Compliance
Near miss records support compliance with Kenya\u2019s Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA 2007) and related regulations.
3. Enhanced Operational Efficiency
Addressing hazards early prevents downtime and protects equipment.
4. Stronger Stakeholder Confidence
Clients, auditors, and investors favour organisations with transparent and proactive safety practices.
Conclusion
Near misses provide valuable lessons and are vital for identifying hazards before they escalate into harmful incidents. A strong near miss reporting culture demonstrates commitment to employee wellbeing, operational excellence, and legal compliance. By encouraging reporting, simplifying processes, and acting on findings, organisations in East Africa can create safer and more resilient workplaces.
", "showContent": "1", "pageDesc": "A detailed guide explaining the importance of near miss reporting in the workplace, its role in preventing incidents, and how organisations in East Africa can build a strong safety culture through proactive reporting systems.", "dateCreated": "Dec 2, 2025 5:25 PM", "date_modified": "2025-12-09 21:21:05", "author": "Nderitu ", "postParent": "581", "isParent": "0", "pageImage": "uploads/img/pages/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety.webp", "showImage": "1", "imgThumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/thumbnails/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety.webp", "medium_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/medium-thumbnails/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety.webp", "small_thumbnail": "uploads/img/pages/small-thumbnails/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety.webp", "xs_thumbnail": null, "active": "1", "showOnNav": "0", "pageType": "Blog", "carouselID": null, "template": "2", "icon": null, "featuredPage": "0", "slideImage": null, "slide_image_small": null, "webp_slide_image": null, "webp_slide_image_sm": null, "slideTitle": null, "slideCaption": null, "showCaption": "0", "hasComments": "0", "font_icon": null, "footer_link": null, "page_video": null, "header_image": "uploads/img/headers/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety.png", "menuImage": null, "youtube_playlist": null, "slider_title_color": "#f6921e", "slider_caption_color": "#ffffff", "caption_position": null, "slide_overlay": "0", "page_intro": null, "short_intro": "Near misses are often overlooked, yet they carry valuable information about weaknesses in workplace safety systems. When properly reported and investigated, they offer organisations an opportunity to prevent injuries, property damage, and operational d", "cta_text": null, "cta_url": null, "menu_title": null, "section_title": null, "embedded_page": "0", "resource_page": "0", "show_header": "0", "require_subscription": "0", "show_menu_title": "0", "image_url": null, "featured": null, "banner": null, "color": null, "date_created": "Dec 2, 2025", "parentSlug": "osh/risk-management", "grandparentSlug": "osh", "url": "osh/risk-management/understanding-the-importance-of-near-miss-reporting-in-workplace-safety", "parentTitle": "Risk Management", "title": "Understanding the Importance of Near Miss Reporting in Workplace Safety" }, { "pageID": null, "pageTitle": "Workplace Safety Tips: Electrical Hazards in the Office", "pageSlug": "workplace-safety-tips-electrical-hazards-in-the-office", "headline": null, "isRoot": "1", "pageCont": "
Most office environments are considered low-risk in terms of electrical hazards, particularly when compared to other industries. While this may be true, it does not make the hazards any less significant. An office could be equally as dangerous as, say, working in engineering, if control measures are completely absent and regular assessment of risks not carried out.
\r\nOffice environments are full of electronics, appliance, power cords, extension cords, and surge protectors. These items have become such an integral part of our work that we don't necessarily give too much thought to the hazards they bring with them. Electrical shock, burns, fires, and even tripping over extension cords. Electricity creates numerous hazards to your employees and your facility.
\r\nMost electrical accidents result from unsafe equipment or installation, unsafe environment, or unsafe work practices. So what can you do to help prevent electrical hazards in your office? Consider the following tips:
\r\nDO NOT OVERLOAD OUTLETS AND CIRCUITS
\r\nDo not overload outlets and circuits. Even if you are using a surge protector, that doesn't protect you from the potential dangers of an overload circuit. If your surge protector or ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is constantly resetting or your breaker keeps tripping - you are overloading your circuit!
\r\nIn most homes and offices, a circuit is 15-20 amps. Now consider the amperage of items you might find in the office - refrigerator (5-8 amps), space heater (8-13 amps), toaster (7-10 amps), coffeemaker (5-8 amps), laptop (2-3 amps). Plugging a few of these devices into one outlet could easily overload a circuit! They can heat the wires to a very high temperature, creating potential fire hazards and risks of electrical shock. So be aware of what your circuits can handle. Don't plug more than one high-wattage device into an outlet. Don't plug multi-outlet bars or surge protector into other ones.
\r\nUSE CARE WITH CORDS
\r\nThere are likely power cords and extension cords throughout your office. If not properly maintained, placed, or utilized they can create significant electrical hazards.
\r\n- \r\n
- Do not plug two extension cords together. If you find that too many extension cords are in use - consider having a licensed electrician install additional outlets. \r\n
- Make sure cords are properly placed. Don't fasten cords with staples, hang from nails, or suspend them with a wire. Don't cover them with rugs or mats. Don't place them on radiators, steam pipes, or windows. \r\n
- Do not run cords through high-traffic areas, walkways, or across doorways where they would pose a potential tripping hazard. If you must run a cord across a walkway, be sure to use a cord runner or tape it down with industrial tape. \r\n
- Use care with storing cords. They should not be tied in knots. These knots can cause short circuits in the broken wire underneath the insulating jackets and result in electrical shock. \r\n
- When unplugging devices, be sure to use a firm grip and pull the plug itself - do NOT pull the plug out by its cord. \r\n
- Inspect cords regularly. Look for frayed, cracked, or damaged cords. If defects are found, replace them immediately. \r\n
ADDITIONAL ELECTRICAL SAFETY TIPS
\r\n- \r\n
- Only use equipment that is certified by testing. Make sure you are using devices and cords for their intended use - office or home use vs. manufacturing use, indoor or outdoor, specific power limits, etc. \r\n
- Don't use electrical equipment or appliances when your hands or the equipment are wet. And don't use them near wet surfaces or water. \r\n
- GFCI should be installed near sinks and any wet environment such as a water cooler, restroom, or garage. They're there to detect a ground fault within the circuit or the device being utilized, but they are also a warning device. If you constantly have to reset the GFCI, then you are overloading your circuit. \r\n
- Make sure any exposed wires or electrical components are properly covered or guarded. \r\n
- Unplug appliances when not in use to conserve energy and to reduce the opportunities for electric fire or shock. Unplug or disconnect machines before any service or repairs. \r\n
- Pay attention for the warning signs. If an items gives off a strange odor, makes an unusual noise, feels hot, smokes, or sparks - disconnect it immediately. \r\n
SOURCE: GIBSON
", "showContent": "1", "pageDesc": "An office could be equally as dangerous as, say, working in engineering, if control measures are absent and regular assessment of risks not carried out.", "dateCreated": "Oct 1, 2021 11:38 AM", "date_modified": "2025-11-21 10:50:55", "author": "HSE Editor", "postParent": "581", "isParent": "0", "pageImage": "uploads/images/202011/image_750x_5faccc6720e32.jpg", "showImage": "1", "imgThumbnail": "uploads/images/202011/image_750x415_5faccc67d7b41.jpg", "medium_thumbnail": null, "small_thumbnail": "uploads/images/202011/image_100x75_5faccc6834134.jpg", "xs_thumbnail": null, "active": "1", "showOnNav": "0", "pageType": "Blog", "carouselID": null, "template": "2", "icon": null, "featuredPage": "0", "slideImage": null, "slide_image_small": null, "webp_slide_image": null, "webp_slide_image_sm": null, "slideTitle": null, "slideCaption": null, "showCaption": "1", "hasComments": "0", "font_icon": null, "footer_link": null, "page_video": null, "header_image": null, "menuImage": null, "youtube_playlist": null, "slider_title_color": "#000000", "slider_caption_color": "#000000", "caption_position": null, "slide_overlay": "0", "page_intro": null, "short_intro": "Most office environments are considered low-risk in terms of electrical hazards, particularly when compared to other industries. While this may be true, it does not make the hazards any less significant. An office could be equally as dangerous as, say, wo", "cta_text": null, "cta_url": null, "menu_title": null, "section_title": null, "embedded_page": "0", "resource_page": "0", "show_header": "0", "require_subscription": "0", "show_menu_title": "0", "image_url": null, "featured": null, "banner": null, "color": null, "date_created": "Oct 1, 2021", "parentSlug": "osh/risk-management", "grandparentSlug": "osh", "url": "osh/risk-management/workplace-safety-tips-electrical-hazards-in-the-office", "parentTitle": "Risk Management", "title": "Workplace Safety Tips: Electrical Hazards in the Office" }, { "pageID": null, "pageTitle": "Safety Precautions When Working in Confined Space", "pageSlug": "safety-precautions-when-working-in-confined-space", "headline": null, "isRoot": "1", "pageCont": "Many workers are injured and killed each year while working in confined spaces. An estimated 60% of the fatalities have been among the would-be rescuers.
\r\nIn a July 2021 incident that occurred in Kamulu, Nairobi County, two people died inside a 50ft septic tank as they were reportedly working to pump out waste water.
\r\nIn another case in September 2020, three middle-aged men died after they slipped into a 90-feet deep underground water reservoir at Ngoingwa estate, Thika town. According to witnesses, one of the victims, a water vendor, was repairing an underground pump to facilitate water flow in a six-storeyed Nyathira Square apartment. Two of his colleagues met their death as they tried to save him out of the slippery well where they also slid and fell.
\r\nThe Daily Nation on April 19, 2019 reported yet another unfortunate incident in Kisii, Western Kenya where two men died inside a well. According to the reports, a 32 year old man suffocated and died inside the well that he had been engaged to deepen. The second man is said to have slipped and fallen into the well as he attempted to rescue the well digger leading to his death.
\r\nThere have been many other similar cases where many people working in water wells or other confined spaces die or are seriously injured for failing to use appropriate safety precautions.
\r\nGenerally speaking, a confined space is a fully or partially enclosed space that:
\r\n- \r\n
- Is not primarily designed or intended for continuous human occupancy \r\n
- Has limited or restricted entrance or exit, or a configuration that can complicate first aid, rescue, evacuation, or other emergency response activities \r\n
- Can represent a risk for the for the health and safety of anyone who enters, due to one or more of the following factors: \r\n
- its design, construction, location or atmosphere \r\n
- the materials or substances in it \r\n
- work activities being carried out in it, or the \r\n
- mechanical, process and safety hazards present \r\n
- \r\n
Confined spaces can be below or above ground. Confined spaces can be found in almost any workplace. A confined space, despite its name, is not necessarily small. Examples of confined spaces include silos, vats, hoppers, utility vaults, tanks, water supply towers, sewers, pipes, access shafts, truck or rail tank cars, aircraft wings, boilers, manholes, pump stations, digesters, manure pits and storage bins. Ditches and trenches may also be a confined space when access or egress is limited. Barges, shipping containers and fish holds are also considered as possible confined spaces.
\r\nIn this article we look at some safety precautions to avoid such incidents in hand dug wells. The advice is adapted from The Hand Dug Well [instruction manual, by Henk Holtslag & John deWolf, Foundation Connect International.
\r\nSafety Precautions for Hand Dug wells
\r\n- \r\n
- Never work alone. The excavator in the bottom of the well should have a buddy at ground level above, on guard to assist if needed. While someone is working down the well there must always be someone in attendance at the top. Never leave someone unattended at the bottom of the well. \r\n
- Signaling between well excavator and people at ground level: A system may need to be developed for signaling between people at the bottom and top of the well for lowering and raising equipment and people. Make sure everyone understands these signals and there is no miscommunication. \r\n
- Check all ropes and hand-dug-well digging equipment every day at the start of work \r\n
- Rope knots: When using a rope to lower or lift something from the well, knots should be made along the rope at metre intervals to stop the rope slipping through your hands; \r\n
- Earth lifting buckets: Ensure that the handle of the bucket is firmly fixed and cannot slip off; \r\n
- Lowering worker into the Dug well: If possible, always use a windlass to lift and lower materials. Use a windlass with two handles and therefore two people if a digger is lowered or lifted. If one of the people loses the control of his handle, the digger will not fall back in the well because the other still controls his side. \r\n
- Protect edges of the top of the well opening during construction: Put a plank across the edge of the opening to the shaft, so that people and buckets can be lowered over the edge without wearing away the ground at the side and causing it to cave in; \r\n
- Steps in well shaft sides? Cut steps into the side of the shaft to make it easier for people going up and down the well. This is only possible if the soil is strong enough to hold the weight of a person. When you doubt: do not make them! \r\n
- Well digger head protection: Always wear a helmet in case something falls down in the well; \r\n
- Well digger foot protection: Be careful while loosing the soil in the well with the long chisel. Don't cute off your toes! If possible wear shoes with a metal nose protection. \r\n
- Safety of air supply at the bottom of a hand dug well: In narrow wells more than 15 metres deep, there may be a problem having fresh air at the bottom of the well. This is very dangerous and even poison gasses may appear. Air circulation can be helped by raising and lowering leafy branches in the shaft to \"stir up\" the air. The best way is to use a ventilator to get fresh air in the well. This ventilator can easily be made by a local workshop and exists of local available materials. \r\n
- Handling soil & rocks dug out of the well: Heap excavated soil more than one metre from the edge of the shaft so that as the pile grows, it will not fall back down the well; \r\n
- Hand dug well site safety: Put a fence or some sort of barrier around the digging site to stop people and animals falling in; when the well is completed it should have a child-proof surrounding fence and cover. \r\n
Other Safety Aspects to consider for the completed well;
\r\n- \r\n
- Provide an above-ground wall around the completed well to prevent children and animals from falling into the well - a drowning hazard. \r\n
- Provide a safety screen over the above-ground wall to prevent children from falling in to the well \r\n
- Provide a child-safe heavy, secure cover at ground level for dug wells with no above-ground wall or for any below-ground well pit. \r\n
- Direct surface runoff away from the well and test the water frequently for potability and for other surface-borne water contaminants. \r\n
- Beware of hand dug well collapse hazards - do not ever enter a hand dug well unless you are properly trained and do not work there alone. \r\n
- Test hand dug well water regularly for potability - since these wells commonly have sanitation issues. \r\n
- Abandoning a hand-dug well - requires that the well be protected from someone falling into the well; a smart abandonment will also protect the dug well from being used as a refuse or chemical dump - doing so risks contaminating the aquifer and is illegal in most jurisdictions. \r\n
Source: The Hand Dug Well [instruction manual, by Henk Holtslag & John deWolf
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